Граф знаний
Сырьё, регуляторные документы, организмы, кластеры и экосистемные услуги, связанные типизированными связями; каждая связь подтверждена источниками и имеет уровень доказательности.Сырьё 35
| Название | Тип | Связь | Доказательность |
|---|---|---|---|
| Биогенный диоксид углерода этаноловых заводов High-purity fermentation CO2 from corn/sugarcane ethanol plants; ~120 US ethanol plants already capture or plan to capture it (Ethanol Producer Magazine 2024) for food-grade use, CCUS and e-fuels. | co2 · US Corn Belt, Brazil, EU | – | R |
| Кровяная мука Dried slaughterhouse blood rendered to high-protein (80-90%) meal; used in feed formulations and organic fertilizer, with biogas/protein-recovery routes emerging. | animal-byproducts · US, China, Brazil, EU, Australia | – | R |
| Масло рыжика посевного (Camelina sativa) Low-input rotation oilseed (Brassicaceae) with high oil content; USDA-ARS and Navy/CAAFI programs developed it as a jet-fuel rotation crop in the US Pacific Northwest and Montana. | oils-fats · US (Montana, Pacific Northwest), Canada, EU (rotational trials) | – | V |
| Диоксид углерода точечных источников (промышленные выбросы) Concentrated CO2 streams from ethanol fermenters, cement, ammonia and power plants; feedstock for gas fermentation (CO/H2/CO2) and e-fuel synthesis. | co2 · US Corn Belt (ethanol), China, EU (cement/ammonia hubs), Middle East | – | R |
| Кукурузный крахмал Starch extracted from maize kernels by wet milling; the dominant 1G feedstock for US fuel ethanol, bioplastics (PLA) and fermentation platforms. | sugar-starch · US, China, Brazil, EU |
| R |
| Кукурузный стовер (стебли и листья) Stalks, leaves and cobs left after maize grain harvest; the largest single agricultural residue stream in the US Corn Belt and a model feedstock for commercial cellulosic ethanol (e.g., DuPont Nevada, POET-DSM). | lignocellulose · US (Corn Belt), China, Brazil, EU | – | R |
| Сырой глицерин (побочный продукт биодизеля) Glycerol-rich co-product (~10 wt%) of transesterification biodiesel production; platform chemical and fermentation substrate (1,3-PDO, SCP) in oversupply since the biodiesel boom. | waste-msw · US, EU, Indonesia, Brazil, China | – | R |
| Диоксид углерода прямого воздушного улавливания (DAC) Atmospheric CO2 captured by solid/liquid DAC systems (Climeworks Mammoth, 1PointFive Stratos, Heirloom); ultra-clean feedstock for e-fuels and synthetic biology carbon routes. | co2 · Iceland (Climeworks), US (Texas, California), Canada, Switzerland | – | R |
| Перьевая мука Hydrolyzed poultry feathers, a keratin-rich protein byproduct of slaughter (millions of tonnes/yr globally); feed ingredient and biostimulant feedstock. | animal-byproducts · China, US, Brazil, EU | – | R |
| Рыбные отходы (тримминг) Heads, frames, skin and viscera from fish processing; raw material for fishmeal/fish oil, silage, and increasingly for protein hydrolysates and omega-3 recovery. | animal-byproducts · Chile, Peru, Norway, China, Iceland | – | R |
| Пищевые отходы Pre- and post-consumer food losses from households, retail and food service; US generates ~40% of the food supply as loss/waste (USDA-ERS), a priority AD and upcycling substrate. | waste-msw · US, China, EU, Japan (food-recycling law) | – | R |
| Лесосечные остатки Tops, branches and cull trees left after timber harvesting, plus thinnings; primary woody biomass used for wood chips, pellets and second-generation fuels. | lignocellulose · Sweden, Finland, Canada, US Pacific Northwest, Russia | – | R |
| Техническая конопля (биомасса) Low-THC Cannabis sativa grown for fiber, hurd and seed; dual-purpose lignocellulosic crop under expanding legal frameworks (US 2018 Farm Bill, EU, China largest producer). | dedicated-crop · China, France, Canada, US, Russia | – | R |
| Метан / биогаз Anaerobic-digestion gas (60-70% CH4) from manure, sludge, OFMSW and crops; upgraded to biomethane (bio-CNG/LNG) or used for CHP. | gas · Germany, China, US, Denmark, India |
| R |
| Микроводоросли (природные штаммы) Photosynthetic unicellular algae (Chlorella, Spirulina, Nannochloropsis) cultivated in open ponds/photobioreactors for protein, omega-3, pigments and fuels. | algae · China, India, US (Hawaii, New Mexico), Israel, Japan | – | V |
| Органическая фракция твёрдых коммунальных отходов (ОТКО) Sorted biodegradable fraction of household/commercial MSW (food, yard, paper); standardized substrate for AD and emerging gasification-to-fuels. | waste-msw · EU (Germany, Italy, Spain), China, US, India |
| R |
| Городские древесные отходы Post-consumer and construction-and-demolition wood from municipal streams (pallets, furniture, C&D timber), sorted for recycling, energy or upgrading. | lignocellulose · EU, US, Japan, South Korea | – | R |
| Природный газ (как сырьё для ферментации) Fossil methane used as carbon/energy source for single-cell protein (e.g., UniBead/Calysta-style gas fermentation) and methanotroph platforms. | gas · US, Russia, Qatar, Norway, China |
| R |
| Пальмовое масло Edible oil from oil-palm fruit; world's largest vegetable-oil output, used in oleochemistry, FAME biodiesel and HEFA where sustainability criteria (RSPO/ISPO, RED) permit. | oils-fats · Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Nigeria |
| R |
| Тополь на короткоротационных плантациях (SRC) Fast-growing poplar/willow plantations harvested on 2-5 year cycles for woody biomass; energy-forest model across EU, North America and China. | dedicated-crop · EU (Sweden, Italy, Poland), US, China, Canada | – | R |
| Картофельный крахмал Starch from potato tubers and potato-processing side streams (peels, rejects); feedstock for biodegradable films, fermentation and regional ethanol. | sugar-starch · EU (Netherlands, Germany, Poland), China, Russia | – | R |
| Рапсовое масло Oil pressed from brassica seeds; Europe's main domestically grown biodiesel feedstock and a key food/canola-oil crop in Canada and China. | oils-fats · EU (Germany, France), Canada, China, India, Australia |
| R |
| Макроводоросли (морские водоросли) Marine macroalgae (saccharina, porphyra, gracilaria) farmed at million-tonne scale; feed, food, hydrocolloids and emerging biofuels/biostimulants. China and Indonesia supply ~2/3 of world output (FAO SOFIA 2024: seaweed ~35 Mt wet). | algae · China, Indonesia, South Korea, Japan, Philippines | – | R |
| Соевое масло Vegetable oil from soybeans; the largest US biodiesel and renewable-diesel feedstock, co-product of soy-meal protein crushing. | oils-fats · US, Brazil, Argentina, China (imports) | – | R |
| Отходящие газы сталелитейных заводов (доменный, конвертерный, коксовый) CO-rich blast-furnace, basic-oxygen-furnace and coke-oven gases; converted to ethanol by acetogenic gas fermentation at commercial scale (ArcelorMittal Gent Steelanol with LanzaTech, 80M L/yr from 2023; also LanzaTech-Shougang in China). | gas · Belgium (ArcelorMittal Gent), China (Shougang, Capital Steel), India (Tata Steel trials), Japan |
| V |
| Багасса (жом сахарного тростника) Fibrous residue of sugarcane after crushing, burned for cogen energy at mills and emerging as a cellulosic-ethanol substrate; Brazil and India dominate supply. | lignocellulose · Brazil, India, Thailand, China (Guangxi) |
| R |
| Тростниковый сахар (сахароза) Soluble sugar from pressed sugarcane; Brazil's primary ethanol feedstock via direct juice fermentation and the anchor of sugar-platform biorefining. | sugar-starch · Brazil, India, Thailand, China | – | R |
| Просо прутьевидное (свитграсс) и мискантус High-yielding perennial C4 grasses bred for lignocellulosic biomass on marginal land; flagship US (switchgrass) and EU (miscanthus) energy crops. | dedicated-crop · US, EU (UK, Germany, France), China | – | R |
| Синтез-газ (продукт газификации) H2/CO-rich gas produced by gasifying biomass, MSW or agricultural residues; platform intermediate for thermochemical and biological upgrading. | gas · US, EU, Japan, China | – | R |
| Говяжий жир (талл) и животные жиры Rendered fat from ruminants and other livestock slaughter; Category-3 animal-byproduct fat widely used in oleochemistry and as a biofuel (FAME/HEFA) feedstock. | oils-fats · US, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, EU |
| R |
| Использованное растительное масло (UCO) Post-consumer/restaurant waste fats and oils collected for recycling; the principal advanced-biodiesel and HVO/SAF feedstock, with China a top exporter to the EU/US. | oils-fats · China, US, EU (Netherlands, Germany), Indonesia, Malaysia |
| R |
| Осадок сточных вод Primary/secondary sludge from municipal wastewater treatment; digested for biogas and energy recovery, with biosolids reuse or incineration downstream. | waste-msw · China, EU, US, Japan | – | R |
| Пшеничное зерно Cereal grain used as starch/sugar platform for fuel ethanol and fermentation where policy allows (e.g., EU/UK wheat ethanol plants, Russian grain biotech hubs). | sugar-starch · EU (France, Germany), UK, Russia, Ukraine, China | – | R |
| Пшеничная солома Cereal residue (stalks, leaves, ears) left on the field after wheat harvest; a leading agricultural lignocellulosic residue traded internationally (HS 12.13). | lignocellulose · China, India, EU (France, Germany), Russia, Canada, US | – | R |
| Молочная сыворотка (пермеат) Lactose-rich liquid co-product of cheese and whey-protein production; classical substrate for ethanol, SCP and lacto-fermentation (Ireland's Carbery model). | waste-msw · Ireland, New Zealand, US (Wisconsin), EU (Netherlands, Germany) | – | R |
Регуляторный документ 49
| Название | Тип | Связь | Доказательность |
|---|---|---|---|
| Закон о генных технологиях 2000 г. / система OGTR (Австралия) Gene Technology Act 2000 (Cth) Australian gene technology scheme administered by the Office of the Gene Technology Regulator, the national counterpart framework for GM and novel breeding technologies. | AU · national-law · in-force · 2001 | – | R |
| Национальный фонд восстановления — медицинское производство (Австралия) National Reconstruction Fund Corporation Act 2023 (Cth) NRF Corporation Act 2023 creates the investment vehicle with a dedicated medical-manufacturing allocation supporting domestic biomanufacturing per repo facts. | AU · national-law · in-force · 2024 | – | R |
| Закон Бразилии о биобезопасности № 11.105/2005 (система CTNBio) Lei 11.105/2005 Statute creating CTNBio and the approval regime for GMOs and derived products in Brazil. | BR · national-law · in-force · 2005-03-24 | – | L |
| Указ № 12.044/2024 — Национальная стратегия биотехнологий (ENB, Бразилия) Decreto 12.044/2024 Federal decree instituting the Brazilian National Biotechnology Strategy per repo facts; mapped to all 47 frames. | BR · policy-plan · in-force · 2024 | – | R |
| Planaveg 2025–2028 — Национальный план восстановления естественной растительности (Бразилия) null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) Brazilian national plan setting native-vegetation recovery targets and instruments for 2025-2028 per repo facts. | BR · policy-plan · adopted · 2025 | – | R |
| 14-й пятилетний план развития биоэкономики (КНР) 发改高技〔2021〕1850号 NDRC plan positioning the bioeconomy as a national strategic pillar for the 14th Five-Year period (publicly released 2022-05); mapped to all 47 frames per repo facts. | CN · policy-plan · adopted · 2021-12 | – | R |
| Основные положения 15-го пятилетнего плана — разделы о биоэкономике (КНР) null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) 15th Five-Year Plan outline (2026) carries bioeconomy provisions per repo facts; mapped to all 47 frames. | CN · policy-plan · adopted · 2026 | – | R |
| Положение о безопасности сельскохозяйственных ГМО (КНР, 2001) State Council Decree No. 304 State Council administrative regulation (Decree No. 304) governing safety assessment, production permits, imports and labeling of agricultural GMOs. | CN · national-law · in-force · 2001 | – | L |
| Закон КНР о биобезопасности (2021) 中华人民共和国生物安全法 Statutory PRC biosecurity regime covering biotechnology safety, pathogen lab management, biosecurity review and prevention of biological threats. | CN · national-law · in-force · 2021-04-15 | – | R |
| План действий по возрождению семеноводческой отрасли (КНР) null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) 2021 action plan for seed-industry revitalization covering germplasm resource protection, breeding innovation and intellectual-property enforcement. | CN · policy-plan · adopted · 2021-07 | – | R |
| Регламент ЕС № 1394/2007 о лекарственных средствах передовой терапии (ATMP) CELEX 32007R1394 EU marketing-authorisation framework for advanced therapy medicinal products: gene therapy, somatic cell therapy and tissue-engineered products. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2007-12-30 | – | L |
| Регламент ЕС № 528/2012 о биоцидных продуктах CELEX 32012R0528 EU approval regime for biocidal products and active substances, covering disinfectants, preservatives and pest-control agents. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2013-09-01 | – | L |
| Стратегия ЕС по биоэкономике, COM(2025) COM(2025) EU Bioeconomy Strategy adopted 2025-11-27 per repo facts; cross-cutting framework mapped to all 47 industry frames. | EU · policy-plan · adopted · 2025-11-27 | – | R |
| Закон ЕС о биотехнологиях I (здравоохранение и стратегические проекты) null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) Adopted first pillar of the EU Biotech Act introducing strategic-project mechanisms with a healthcare focus (industry mapping inferred). | EU · regulation · adopted · 2026 | – | R |
| Закон ЕС о биотехнологиях II (промышленная биотехнология и биопроизводство) null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) Draft 2026 second pillar of the EU Biotech Act focused on industrial biotechnology and biomanufacturing; call for evidence opened 2026-05 per repo facts. | EU · regulation · draft |
| R |
| Совместное предприятие «Циркулярная биооснова Европы» (CBE JU) — Регламент Совета ЕС 2021/784 CELEX 32021R0784 Establishes CBE JU with about EUR 2 billion under Horizon Europe (successor to BBI JU), the main EU public-private funding vehicle for biorefining and bio-based materials. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2021-04-28 | – | R |
| Регламент ЕС 2023/1115 об обезлесении (EUDR) CELEX 32023R1115 Deforestation-free due diligence for cattle, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, rubber, soy and wood in EU supply chains; application deferred to 2025-12-30 for large operators. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2023-06-29 | – | R |
| Регламент (ЕС) № 1829/2003 о ГМ-продуктах питания и кормах CELEX 32003R1829 EU authorisation and labelling regime for GM food and feed, including the 0.9% adventitious-presence labelling threshold. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2004-04-18 | – | L |
| Директива 2001/18/EC о намеренном выпуске ГМО в окружающую среду CELEX 32001L0018 Baseline EU regime for environmental release and placing on the market of GMOs, against which the NGT framework is layered. | EU · directive · in-force · 2002-10-17 | – | L |
| Регламент ЕС 2026/1388 о новых геномных методах (NGT) CELEX 32026R1388 EU framework for plants obtained by targeted mutagenesis and cisgenesis, creating a distinct regulatory track for qualifying NGT plants alongside the classic GMO regime. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2026 |
| R |
| Регламент ЕС 2015/2283 о новых пищевых продуктах CELEX 32015R2283 Pre-market authorisation and Union list for novel foods; the EU gateway for fermentation-derived, insect-derived and new plant-based ingredients. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2016-01-01 | – | L |
| Регламент ЕС 2018/848 об органическом производстве CELEX 32018R0848 EU organic production and labelling regime, including rules on organic seed and propagating material relevant to breeding supply chains. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2022-01-01 | – | L |
| Регламент ЕС 2025/40 об упаковке и упаковочных отходах (PPWR) CELEX 32025R0040 EU packaging regulation with recyclability and recycled-content targets creating openings for bio-based packaging materials. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2025-02-11 | – | L |
| Регламент REACH (ЕС) № 1907/2006 CELEX 32006R1907 EU registration, evaluation, authorisation and restriction regime for chemical substances, conditioning bio-based chemicals, dyes and packaging materials. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2007-06-01 |
| R |
| Регламент ReFuelEU Aviation (ЕС) 2023/2405 CELEX 32023R2405 SAF blending mandates at EU airports from 2% in 2025 rising toward 2050; the core EU demand-pull instrument for sustainable aviation fuel and biorefining. | EU · regulation · in-force · 2023-10-18 |
| R |
| Регламент ЕС 2020/852 о таксономии устойчивых инвестиций CELEX 32020R0852 Classification system for environmentally sustainable economic activities steering EU sustainable finance; bio-sector mapping inferred (repo fact gives no arrow mapping). | EU · regulation · in-force · 2020-07-12 | – | R |
| Политика BioE3 (Индия): биотехнологии для экономики, окружающей среды и занятости null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) Union Cabinet-approved 2024 policy prioritizing bio-based manufacturing, biofoundries and AI-enabled biology. | other · policy-plan · adopted · 2024-08 | – | R |
| Конвенция о запрещении биологического оружия BWC 1972 Foundational treaty prohibiting biological and toxin weapons; anchor of the international biosecurity regime. | international · regulation · in-force · 1975-03-26 | – | L |
| Картахенский протокол по биобезопасности CBD Cartagena Protocol CBD protocol governing transboundary movement of living modified organisms via the advance informed agreement procedure; binding treaty typed regulation under the closed enum. | international · regulation · in-force · 2003-09-11 | – | R |
| Codex Alimentarius (ФАО/ВОЗ) Codex Alimentarius Joint FAO/WHO food standards, guidelines and codes of practice; the international reference for food safety, ingredient specifications and contaminant limits. | international · standard · in-force · 1963 | – | R |
| ICH Q7 — надлежащая производственная практика для фармацевтических субстанций ICH Q7 ICH GMP guideline for APIs including those derived by fermentation and cell culture; adopted into EU/US/JP regulatory practice. | international · standard · in-force · 2000-11 |
| R |
| Схемы сертификации ISCC (ISCC EU / ISCC PLUS) ISCC EU; ISCC PLUS Sustainability and GHG certification for biomass, biofuel and circular feedstocks, recognized under RED II/RED III as a voluntary scheme. | international · certification · in-force · 2010 | – | R |
| Нагойский протокол о доступе и совместном использовании выгод CBD Nagoya Protocol CBD protocol requiring fair benefit-sharing from genetic resources and traditional knowledge, driving ABS compliance in botanical sourcing and breeding; binding treaty typed regulation under the closed enum. | international · regulation · in-force · 2014-10-12 |
| R |
| Стандарты RSB (Круглый стол по устойчивым биоматериалам) RSB-STD Sustainability certification including the RSB SAF standard used by fuel producers and airlines; ICAO-recognized CORSIA-eligible scheme (industry mapping inferred). | international · certification · in-force | – | R |
| Verra Nature Framework v1.0 Verra Nature Framework v1.0 Verra framework for nature and biodiversity credit projects, published 2024-10 with certification opening 2025-11 per repo facts. | international · certification · in-force · 2025-11 |
| R |
| Надлежащая практика дистрибуции лекарственных средств ВОЗ (GDP) WHO TRS (GDP) WHO good distribution practice baseline for the pharmaceutical supply chain, including cold-chain temperature control. | international · standard · in-force | – | R |
| Соглашение ВОЗ по пандемиям WHO Pandemic Agreement (2025) WHO instrument adopted 2025-05-20 on pandemic prevention and response, including pathogen access and benefit-sharing (PABS annex pending ratifications). | international · regulation · adopted · 2025-05-20 | – | L |
| Стратегия биоэкономики Японии (2024) null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) Cabinet/council decision of 2024-06-03 updating the Japanese bioeconomy strategy per repo facts. | other · policy-plan · adopted · 2024-06-03 | – | R |
| Система управления: Национальный комитет по биоинновациям (Корея) null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) Korean governance framework organized under the National Bio Innovation Committee in 2026-04 per repo facts (industry mapping inferred). | other · policy-plan · adopted · 2026-04 | – | R |
| Стратегия биологической безопасности Великобритании null — no CELEX (non-EU instrument or in-flight draft; official reference in src) UK strategy published June 2023 to prevent, detect and respond to biological threats across human, animal and plant health. | UK · policy-plan · adopted · 2023-06 | – | R |
| Закон о генных технологиях (точная селекция) 2023 г. (Великобритания) 2023 c. 6 England-only framework taking precision-bred organisms that carry no transgenic DNA outside the GMO marketing regime, with implementing regulations to follow. | UK · national-law · in-force · 2023-03-23 | – | R |
| Правило SECURE Службы APHIS Минсельхоза США (7 CFR Part 340) 7 CFR Part 340 USDA APHIS 2020 modernization of plant-pest regulations, exempting certain gene-edited plants that could otherwise have been developed through conventional breeding. | US · regulation · in-force · 2020 | – | L |
| Скоординированная система регулирования биотехнологий США 51 FR 23302 (1986); 82 FR 33402 (2017) Product-based US oversight allocation across USDA, EPA and FDA, established 1986 and updated 2017. | US · policy-plan · in-force · 1986 | – | L |
| Указ президента США № 14081 — развитие биотехнологий и биопроизводства EO 14081 Launched the US National Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Initiative with whole-of-government biomanufacturing targets; rescinded by EO 14236 (2025-03). | US · executive-order · rescinded · 2022-09-12 | – | R |
| Указ президента США № 14236 — отмена указа № 14081 EO 14236 March 2025 executive order rescinding EO 14081 and winding down the federal biomanufacturing initiative it created, per repo facts. | US · executive-order · in-force · 2025-03 | – | R |
| Указ президента США о биобезопасности (08.05.2025) EO 2025-05-08 US executive order of 2025-05-08 on biosecurity per repo facts, addressing oversight and risk controls for biological research. | US · executive-order · in-force · 2025-05-08 | – | R |
| Стандарт возобновляемого топлива EPA (RFS, США) 40 CFR Part 80; CAA 211(o) Clean Air Act Section 211(o) program with annual Renewable Volume Obligations and RIN credits; created by EPAct 2005, expanded by EISA 2007; the main US demand driver for renewable diesel and SAF. | US · regulation · in-force · 2005 | – | R |
| Положения о биотехнологиях в NDAA на 2026 финансовый год (США) NDAA FY2026 FY2026 National Defense Authorization Act (December 2025) carries biotech provisions implementing 12+ NSCEB recommendations including a National Biotech Coordination structure, per repo facts. | US · national-law · in-force · 2025-12 |
| R |
| Программа USDA BioPreferred (США) 7 CFR Part 3201 US federal procurement preference and voluntary USDA Certified Biobased Product label for biobased content, grounded in the 2002 Farm Bill Section 9002. | US · certification · in-force · 2002 | – | R |
Организм 35
| Название | Тип | Связь | Доказательность |
|---|---|---|---|
| Спирулина (Arthrospira) Limnospira platensis (syn. Arthrospira platensis) | algal | – | V |
| Aspergillus oryzae (аспергилл рисовый) Aspergillus oryzae | yeast-fungal | – | V |
| Bacillus subtilis (сенная палочка) Bacillus subtilis | bacterial-chassis | – | V |
| BHK-21 (клетки почки сирийского хомячка) Mesocricetus auratus (BHK-21 cell line) | mammalian-cell-line | – | V |
| рыжик посевной (Camelina sativa) Camelina sativa | plant | – | V |
| CRISPR-Cas9 Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) | enzyme-class | – | V |
| целлюлазы Trichoderma reesei cellulase complex | enzyme-class | – | V |
| Хлорелла (Chlorella) Chlorella spp. | algal | – | V |
| клетки CHO (яичник китайского хомячка) Cricetulus griseus (CHO cell lines) | mammalian-cell-line | – | V |
| Clostridium autoethanogenum Clostridium autoethanogenum | bacterial-chassis | – | V |
| Corynebacterium glutamicum Corynebacterium glutamicum | bacterial-chassis | – | V |
| Escherichia coli (кишечная палочка) Escherichia coli | bacterial-chassis | – | V |
| Fusarium venenatum (микопротеин Quorn) Fusarium venenatum | yeast-fungal | – | V |
| соя (Glycine max) Glycine max | plant | – | V |
| Haematococcus pluvialis (гематококк) Haematococcus lacustris (syn. H. pluvialis) | algal | – | V |
| HEK293 (клетки почки эмбриона человека) Homo sapiens (HEK293/293T cell lines) | mammalian-cell-line | – | V |
| чёрная львинка (Hermetia illucens) Hermetia illucens | insect | – | V |
| индуцированные плюрипотентные стволовые клетки человека Homo sapiens (hiPSC lines) | mammalian-cell-line | – | V |
| Pichia pastoris / Komagataella phaffii Komagataella phaffii (syn. Pichia pastoris) | yeast-fungal | – | V |
| лакказы Trametes versicolor laccase | enzyme-class | – | V |
| липазы Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) | enzyme-class | – | V |
| Mortierella alpina Mortierella alpina | yeast-fungal | – | V |
| Нанохлоропсис (Nannochloropsis) Nannochloropsis spp. | algal | – | V |
| Nicotiana benthamiana (табак Бентама) Nicotiana benthamiana | plant | – | V |
| нитрогеназа Azotobacter vinelandii nitrogenase (NifDK/NifH) | enzyme-class | – | V |
| фаговые коктейли polyvalent bacteriophage mixtures (polyphyletic) | phage | – | L |
| Pseudomonas putida Pseudomonas putida | bacterial-chassis | – | V |
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae (пекарские/пивные дрожжи) Saccharomyces cerevisiae | yeast-fungal | – | V |
| Streptomyces spp. (стрептомицеты) Streptomyces spp. | bacterial-chassis | – | V |
| фаг T4 Enterobacteria phage T4 | phage | – | V |
| Taq-полимераза Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase I | enzyme-class | – | V |
| мучной хрущак (Tenebrio molitor) Tenebrio molitor | insect | – | V |
| клетки Vero Chlorocebus sabaeus (Vero cell line) | mammalian-cell-line | – | V |
| Yarrowia lipolytica Yarrowia lipolytica | yeast-fungal | – | V |
| кукуруза (Zea mays) Zea mays | plant | – | V |
Кластер 28
| Название | Тип | Связь | Доказательность |
|---|---|---|---|
| Инициатива BioEast — Моравский кластер (Чехия) Czechia's regional-cluster variant inside National RIS3 smart-specialisation | regional-cluster · CZ/CEE | – | R |
| BiOrbic — Ирландский исследовательский центр биоэкономики Ireland's national bioeconomy research centre (GBS co-org) | research-institute · IE | – | R |
| BioRural — Европейская сеть сельской биоэкономики 550+ stakeholders; small-scale rural bio-solutions toolkit; White Paper on EU strategy consultation (2025-08) | eu-network · EU | – | R |
| Программы CAS SIAT и шанхайской биофабрики Chinese Academy of Sciences biofoundry-capacity programs | biofoundry · CN | – | R |
| Каталонский хаб биоэкономики (BioHubCat) regional bioeconomy hub (GBS co-org) | regional-cluster · ES | – | R |
| CENIBiot (Коста-Рика) national biotechnology institute anchoring green+blue bioeconomy sectors | research-institute · CR | – | R |
| Cluster SPRING — Итальянский кластер циркулярной биоэкономики national circular-bioeconomy cluster (GBS co-org) | regional-cluster · IT | – | R |
| Институты CSIR-Ghana public research system for biotech crops, with National Biosafety Authority | research-institute · GH | – | R |
| DBFZ — Немецкий исследовательский центр биомассы biomass research centre (GBS co-org) | research-institute · DE | – | R |
| Agile BioFoundry (Минэнерго США) DOE-funded biodesign/biomanufacturing infrastructure consortium | biofoundry · US | – | R |
| Фонд биорегионов Европейского лесного института (EFI) regional bioeconomy monitoring hub; per-region factsheets (our playbook format) | eu-network · EU multi-region | – | V |
| Embrapa — Бразильская корпорация сельскохозяйственных исследований Brazil's agricultural research system (GBS WS1 co-org) | research-institute · BR | – | R |
| Европейский университет биоэкономики (EBU) alliance of European universities with bioeconomy education/skills mandate (GBS WS17 co-org) | eu-network · EU | – | R |
| IBISBA EU industrial-biotechnology research infrastructure (GBS co-org) | research-institute · EU | – | R |
| ICABR — Международный консорциум по прикладным исследованиям биоэкономики applied bioeconomics research network (GBS co-org) | eu-network · international | – | R |
| icipe — Международный центр физиологии и экологии насекомых insect science incl. insect-protein/BSF axis (GBS co-org) | research-institute · KE | – | R |
| Международный форум по биоэкономике (IBF, 3 рабочие группы) inter-governmental bioeconomy policy forum: biorefineries WG, forest WG (GBS co-org) | eu-network · international | – | R |
| IUNG — Институт почвоведения и растениеводства (Польша) carries Poland's bioeconomy reporting within RPW frameworks | research-institute · PL | – | R |
| Национальная биофабрика Кореи national biofoundry program (MSIT line) | biofoundry · KR | – | R |
| Институт Лейбница по агротехнике и биоэкономике (ATB) agri-engineering/bioeconomy institute (GBS co-org) | research-institute · DE | – | R |
| Кластеры Luxinnovation (Люксембург) national innovation-agency cluster model carrying bioresources/biotech within circular-economy strategy | regional-cluster · LU | – | R |
| Национальная сеть биофабрик NSF (в т. ч. iBioFoundry, UIUC) public national biofoundry network; $1.5B X-Labs with Ginkgo access | biofoundry · US | – | R |
| Парижская биофабрика (Франция) French public biofoundry | biofoundry · FR | – | R |
| Германо-квинслендская совместная научная программа по биоэкономике state-level bilateral bioeconomy R&D program | regional-cluster · AU/DE | – | R |
| Рейнский буроугольный регион (структурная перестройка, Германия) lignite-phase-out bioeconomy transformation region | regional-cluster · DE | – | R |
| SynCTI (Сингапур) Singapore synthetic/foundry infrastructure | biofoundry · SG | – | R |
| Teagasc — Управление развития сельского хозяйства и пищевой промышленности (Ирландия) Irish state agri-food research authority (GBS co-org x2) | research-institute · IE | – | R |
| UK SynBiCT / Лондонская биофабрика UK public biofoundry capacity | biofoundry · UK | – | R |
Экосистемная услуга 18
| Название | Тип | Связь | Доказательность |
|---|---|---|---|
| Эстетическая и историко-культурная ценность Biophilic and heritage value of species-rich landscapes and design-integrated nature, contributing to place identity and property premiums. | cultural | – | L |
| Фильтрация воздуха Deposition of particulate matter (PM2.5/PM10) and uptake of gaseous pollutants by urban forest canopy, green walls and air-biofiltration systems. | regulating | – | L |
| Связывание углерода (депонирование CO2) Long-term removal and storage of atmospheric CO2 in forest biomass and soils, in BECCS value chains, and in coastal blue-carbon ecosystems (mangroves, seagrass, salt marsh). | regulating | – | L |
| Прибрежная защита от штормов Wave-energy attenuation and storm-surge buffering by mangroves, reefs, dunes and salt marshes protecting coastal assets and settlements. | regulating | – | L |
| Регуляция заболеваний Reduced transmission of vector-borne and zoonotic disease via the biodiversity-dilution effect and intact habitat configurations. | regulating | – | L |
| Регулирование паводков и ливневого стока Attenuation and detention of stormwater and riverine peak flows by vegetated basins, wetlands and permeable surfaces (Copenhagen cloudburst plan, sponge-city designs). | regulating | – | L |
| Продовольствие и волокно (агролесоводство) Joint production of food and fibre crops within agroforestry and regenerative farming systems. | provisioning | – | L |
| Лесные купания (синрин-ёку) и ментальное здоровье Shinrin-yoku style immersive forest visits with measured stress-reduction and mental-health outcomes, sold as wellness programmes. | cultural | – | L |
| Обеспечение пресной водой Sustained baseflow, aquifer recharge and storage supplying drinking and irrigation water from protected watersheds. | provisioning | – | L |
| Генетические ресурсы Conserved genetic material from seed banks, gene pools and in-situ populations available for breeding and bioprospecting under Nagoya access-and-benefit-sharing. | provisioning | – | L |
| Лекарственные и биохимические ресурсы Botanical raw materials and biochemical compounds for phytomedicine and wellness products from cultivated and sustainably harvested wild sources. | provisioning | – | L |
| Регуляция вредителей Suppression of crop pests by natural enemies under biocontrol programmes and habitat management, reducing pesticide inputs. | regulating | – | L |
| Опыление Crop and wild-plant pollination by managed and wild pollinators supported by pollinator habitat and urban pollinator infrastructure. | regulating | – | L |
| Рекреация и экотуризм Nature-based leisure and wildlife tourism (birding, safari, diving) generating gate and service revenue in restored and protected landscapes. | cultural | – | L |
| Почвообразование и плодородие Formation of soil organic matter, nutrient cycling and aggregate stability that restore fertility under regenerative agriculture and restored sites. | regulating | – | L |
| Древесина (строительный лес) Sustainably harvested wood for mass-timber construction from managed or restored forest stands. | provisioning | – | L |
| Охлаждение городской среды (микроклимат) Local air- and surface-temperature reduction through tree canopy, green corridors and evapotranspirative infrastructure in heat-stressed cities. | regulating | – | L |
| Очистка воды Removal of nutrients, pathogens and pollutants from municipal and agricultural effluents by constructed wetlands and biota-mediated filtration. | regulating | – | L |
Связи между другими участниками 56
- Cryoport Systems поставляет производители биопрепаратов и клеточно-генной терапии (криогенная логистика) R
- Envirotainer поставляет фармацевтические грузоотправители (аренда квалифицированных контейнеров) R
- Samsung Biologics поставляет клиенты из биофармы R
- Lonza поставляет клиенты из биофармы R
- WuXi Biologics поставляет глобальные биотех-клиенты R
- Ginkgo Bioworks поставляет исследователи NSF X-Labs R
- NatureMetrics поставляет проекты кредитов биоразнообразия (MRV на основе eDNA) R
- Veramaris (СП DSM и Evonik) поставляет производители кормов для аквакультуры R
- Ajinomoto поставляет пищевая промышленность (аминокислоты) R
- Lonza конкурирует с Samsung Biologics R
- Samsung Biologics конкурирует с WuXi Biologics R
- WuXi Biologics конкурирует с Catalent R
- Lonza конкурирует с Catalent R
- Samsung Biologics конкурирует с Catalent R
- Lonza конкурирует с WuXi Biologics R
- Neste конкурирует с World Energy R
- World Energy конкурирует с Gevo R
- Neste конкурирует с Gevo R
- Perfect Day конкурирует с Onego Bio R
- ZinCo конкурирует с Sempergreen R
- Sempergreen конкурирует с Optigreen R
- Optigreen конкурирует с LiveRoof R
- ZinCo конкурирует с LiveRoof R
- Zoetis конкурирует с Elanco R
- Elanco конкурирует с Merck Animal Health R
- Merck Animal Health конкурирует с Ceva R
- Zoetis конкурирует с Ceva R
- Novo Holdings приобрёл Catalent R
- Lone Star Funds приобрёл Выделение активов Lonza (продано в марте 2026) R
- Bansk Group приобрёл Phibro (PAHC) R
- Synthesis Capital инвестировал в Perfect Day V
- корпоративные венчурные фонды инвестировал в компании — члены альянса PF L
- Квинсленд (Австралия) сотрудничает с Германия R
- Европейская комиссия сотрудничает с Консорциум биоиндустрий (Bio-based Industries Consortium) R
- Ginkgo Bioworks (линия биобезопасности) сотрудничает с CDC (Центры по контролю и профилактике заболеваний США) R
- Ginkgo Bioworks сотрудничает с Ceres Nanosciences L
- биофабрики — члены GBA (Великобритания, США, Франция, Китай, Сингапур, Корея…) сотрудничает с Сеть Глобального альянса биофабрик R
- Ирландия сотрудничает с Европейский союз R не проверено
- водорослевое масло получен из CO2 + свет R
- микопротеин получен из глюкоза V
- Perimeter Systems выделился из Ginkgo Bioworks (подразделение биобезопасности) R
- LanzaJet выделился из LanzaTech R
- Isomorphic Labs выделился из DeepMind (Alphabet) R
- Calico Life Sciences выделился из Alphabet R
- антимикробная резистентность (АМР) угрожает фарма и биопрепараты R
- пандемические патогены угрожает все отрасли (системный риск) L
- инвазивные виды угрожает восстановление экосистем R
- загрязнение ПФАС угрожает водные и почвенные системы R
- биомониторинг (Perimeter Systems Biothreat Radar) защищает общественное здравоохранение и биофарма R
- искусственные водно-болотные угодья и биоретенция защищает городские водные системы R
- инфраструктура для опылителей (пчелиные коридоры, «отели» для насекомых) защищает защита растений / услуги опыления R
- CBE JU (Совместное предприятие «Циркулярная биооснова Европы») финансирует биопереработка и биоматериалы R
- CBE JU (Совместное предприятие «Циркулярная биооснова Европы») финансирует биофабрики (biofoundries) R
- Horizon Europe, кластер 6 финансирует сельское хозяйство / регенеративное земледелие и природные ресурсы R
- Бюджетный пакет Японии по биопроизводству (порядка ¥1 трлн) финансирует биопроизводство R
- Вызов COP30 по биоэкономике (Белен, ноябрь 2025) финансирует рынки восстановления и кредитов биоразнообразия (3-летняя программа под руководством ЮНКТАД) R
Доказательность
- V V — проверено по первоисточнику
- R R — подтверждено материалами проекта или списками
- L L — на знаниях, ещё не проверено
Описания и примечания даны на английском (язык источника); названия переведены, если есть устоявшееся русское название.